Perennial anemone includes more than one and a half hundred species. They can vary greatly both in appearance and in accordance with the rules of care. Amid this diversity, every gardener will probably be able to find a flower that suits him.
Anemone perennial
The name of this plant comes from the Greek word "anemone", which translates as "daughter of the winds." When the wind bothers the flowers, they begin to tremble even from a slight blow. Flowers are very diverse and beautiful.
In wild nature
Origin and appearance
They grow in the wild almost all over the globe, with the exception of the tropical zone. Nine species in Russia grow beyond the Arctic Circle.
Description of Anemones
This genus is part of the Lyutikov family. Anemone is a grassy perennial. In the wild, it grows in the temperate climate zone in both hemispheres. The genus of anemones includes about 160 species, which sometimes quite significantly differ from each other. There are also annual plants.
Important! In some cases, its species requires careful care, but there are those that are unpretentious.
The height of various plants can be in the range from 10 centimeters to one and a half meters. Leaves can be palmately dissected or separate. Their color is green or grayish, in some species it may be silver.
Flowers can grow alone or gather in umbrellas, which have a slightly loose appearance. Their color is white, blue, blue, pink or red. Symmetric simple flowers. Each of them consists of 5-12 petals. Among the cultural forms there are double and semi-double flowers.
This plant is rarely propagated by seeds; usually, offspring, tubers or rhizomes are used for this.
When an anemone flower blooms in open ground
Flowering time depends on the species to which the plant belongs. The earliest flowering occurs in April. There are varieties that are characterized by late flowering ending in autumn.
Types and varieties of perennial anemones
The following describes the most common types of anemone.
Forest Anemone
This species has large flowers, the diameter of which is 6 centimeters. Bushes can have a height of 20 to 50 centimeters. Anemone Sylvestris has been cultivated since the 14th century. This species has garden forms, the diameter of the flowers of which can reach 8 centimeters. The flowers in this species are only white.
Forest anemone is characterized by high frost resistance - it is able to withstand harsh winters without shelter. The famous Madonna variety.
Hybrid
Anemone oak
The height of the bush is 20-30 centimeters. Anemones, flowers 20-40 millimeters in size. Most often, the petals are white, but there are varieties in which they are blue, lilac or pink. There are terry varieties of Dubravnaya anemone. The main advantage of this species is its unpretentiousness when leaving.
Anemone Dubravnaya grows in Russia not only among flower growers, but also in the wild - in deciduous forests. The flowering period lasts from early April to late May.
The rest period begins already in the middle of summer. At this time, the aboveground part completely dries up. This plant is poisonous, the people gave it a second name: "night blindness."
Important! Anemones make medicines from this variety that produce antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Crown anemone
This species is considered the most moody among all anemones. Crowned Anemone is very thermophilic and does not tolerate drafts. Very vulnerable to frost. It is grown for cutting. Known for its variety Admiral. Many believe that this species is the most beautiful of all anemones. The plant reaches a height of 45 centimeters. Flowers in their appearance resemble poppies, the diameter can reach 8 centimeters. They can be simple or terry. Coloring of flowers can be different and have a bright or pastel tone. Sometimes bicolor buds are found. They belong to the Bicolor variety.
This species comes from the Mediterranean.
Terry Anemone
Here we are talking about a group of perennials that have a common property, which is the ability to have a large number of layers of petals inside the bud. During the flowering period, this feature makes the flowers lush. It is interesting that not only spring flowers, but also those that bloom in autumn possess terry.
The Makhrov’s anemone group includes, in particular, the species: “Kenigin Charlotte”, “Margaret”, and the anemone “Velvind”.
Anemone white
The Dubravchataya anemone has another name - White Anemone.
Hybrid anemone
Such anemone flower is considered one of the most beautiful. The Hybrid Anemone was bred artificially. This species is characterized by the presence of large flowers that have a bright color. They can be simple or semi-double. Anemone Hybrid is the highest representative of anemones. Flowers can have different shades of pink - from gray to rich raspberry. Frost resistance anemone Hybrid weak.
Felt anemone
This species is considered the most winter-hardy among all representatives of the genus. Felt Anemone is a tall species - the height can reach 120 centimeters. Flowers have a delicate pink color.
Canadian Anemone
Flowering in this species lasts throughout the summer period. Canadian anemone has narrow long leaves. Flowers reach a height of 30 to 60 centimeters, look like stars. The size of the buds is 2.5-3 centimeters. Flowering time - May-June. This variety in the presence of shelter for the winter can withstand -34 degrees of frost.
Anemone Bland
This species also has a different name - tender anemone. She is very miniature - the height of the flower does not exceed ten centimeters. The most famous varieties of Bland anemones are White Splendour (also called white), Charmer (pink) and Blue Shades (called "blue"). The plant has a high resistance to cold or drought.
Dubravnaya
Anemone Autumn
Such anemones are isolated in a separate group. They have common features:
- flowers bloom in late summer;
- these plants have a developed root system;
- these are tall varieties of anemone.
As a rule, autumn anemone flowers are collected in racemose, loose inflorescences. Such plants are unpretentious when caring.
This group includes Japanese, Hubei and some other varieties.
Landing
If the florist wants to get a viable and beautiful plant, then he must strictly follow the rules of planting the plant. Planting and caring for anemone in the open ground should correspond to the characteristics of the plant.
Site and soil selection
Anemone anemone will grow well in a spacious area. She loves good, plentiful lighting, but direct sunlight can harm her. Anemone will grow well in the presence of light partial shade. It can be planted in the shade cast by a tree or shrub.
Important! Very acidic soil is not suitable for growing this plant. For most species, land with neutral acidity is best suited. If you grow Apennine, Crowned or Caucasian, then in this case it is recommended to use alkaline earth.
It is usually necessary to use fertile, loose soil. However, even an earth poor in nutrients is suitable for the Forest Anemone.
Feeding, watering and mulching
In order to fertilize the earth, you can use compost, humus and wood ash. For feeding use the time when flowering occurs. Using manure for this purpose is not recommended.
In autumn, you need to make mineral fertilizers that will support the plant during the winter period.
It is believed that mulching for this plant is mandatory. This can be done using the following materials:
- peat;
- humus;
- fallen dry foliage;
- decorative mulch.
The depth of such a layer cannot be less than five centimeters.
Using this layer will allow you to retain soil moisture longer after irrigation. In addition, it prevents the germination of weeds in the immediate vicinity of the flower.
Anemones do not need to be abundantly irrigated. Even if they are not supplied with moisture at all. This will not create problems for anemone. This makes it possible to plant flowers where it is difficult to care for them.
To maintain their existence, these plants can extract rhizome moisture from the soil and use water for this purpose, which gets to them in the form of precipitation.
Important! However, in very hot and dry weather, the flowers begin to need human help. In this case, watering is done twice during the day: morning and evening. It is not recommended to supply the plant with moisture during the day due to too rapid evaporation.
The crowned species is an exception. It, unlike the rest, requires regular and plentiful watering.
Chunky
Transfer
If for some reason there is a need to transplant a plant, then it is recommended to do this at a time when the anemone has a dormant period - in early spring.
For those species that are ephemeroid, the dormant period begins in mid-summer.
Important! It must be remembered that such plants with great difficulty tolerate transplantation. In this case, there is a high chance of death of anemones. A transplant makes sense only in the most extreme case.
Winter preparations
Most species of anemone do not tolerate frost. Therefore, plants for the winter must be covered. The most vulnerable to cold is the crown anemone. In autumn, plants are covered with spruce branches, dry leaves.
Breeding
Several methods can be used for propagation. They are described in more detail below.
Use of tubers
This option is one of the most commonly used. However, sometimes inexperienced gardeners encounter problems trying to sprout tubers.
In order to successfully germinate the tubers, you must act in accordance with the following rules:
- prepare a shallow plate and pour clean water there. It is recommended to add a remedy that will stimulate germination. You can use, for example, Epin or Zircon;
- Gauze is immersed in water, then it is lifted and slightly squeezed;
- a tuber is wrapped in it, then it is placed in a plastic bag;
- it is necessary to leave the tuber in this form for 6 hours;
Beauty and Grace
- Now you need to take a wooden box and fill it with a mixture of sand and earth, then pour. Bulbs are placed on top;
- on top of the box it is necessary to close the film and rearrange in a dark place;
- tubers can be planted in pots only after sprouts appear;
- for subsequent cultivation, it is necessary to ensure a temperature equal to 12 degrees. If you grow sprouts at a higher temperature, then they will be weak.
When the street is no colder than at home, the seedlings can be transplanted from the pot into the open ground.
Important! It is forbidden to immerse tubers in water. This is due to the fact that they are able to quickly absorb it. After this, the tuber may rot and die.
Seed cultivation
When propagated using seeds, anemones have low germination. At the same time, no more than 25% of the seeds germinate. However, such a result is possible only if freshly picked planting material.
To improve germination, stratification is recommended. To do this, do the following:
- seeds are mixed with peat and sand and moisturize well. Then they are placed in the refrigerator for a period of four to eight weeks;
- every day the mixture is sprayed;
- when the seeds swell, the substrate is added additionally. After that, the mixture is taken from the refrigerator;
- now the seeds need to be moved to where they will be well ventilated and at a temperature not exceeding 5 degrees;
- when the first sprouts appear, they are planted in the ground and covered with top or snow, dry leaves or straw.
Important! When shoots appear, they are planted in a permanent place.
Thus, the stratification of seeds occurs during the winter period. After planting, flowering usually occurs after three years.
Root propagation
Some anemones have a root system that can grow efficiently. In this case, the most effective method of reproduction is the separation of the root process.
This procedure is performed as follows:
- when the plant finishes flowering, it begins a period of dormancy. At this time, its root system is dug out of the ground;
- the whole system consists of parts, each of which has a renewal point. Usually next year a bush begins to grow from them. It is necessary to divide the root into such parts;
- the obtained sections of the root system are planted in a permanent place and covered for the winter, so that the plants do not die from frost.
This method will be effective for propagation of the Altai, Smooth, Dubravna, Ranunculus and Amur varieties.
Plants love to grow in partial shade
Propagation by offspring
For this procedure, you need to dig out the root during dormancy. To obtain root offspring, do the following:
- the root must be washed carefully;
- offspring are cut off from the neck of the root;
- the main part of the root system is returned to the ground;
- prepared pieces are cut into pieces with a length of 5 centimeters;
- each of them is planted in a pot in a mixture of peat and sand. The top should be above ground;
- add a layer of sand. Then do a little watering and cover with a film.
When green shoots appear, the film will need to be removed. Next year, the seedling can be planted in open ground.
Using
Anemone can be used for landscape design. Medicinal products can be made from Lyutichnaya or Dubravna.
Anemone includes a large number of varieties. The gardener will be able to choose the one that suits him best.
